Caine was born on 23 September 1966 at Crown Street Women’s Hospital in Sydney, Australia.

On March 30, 1996 Caine married Nicholas Joseph Caine whom she met at Hillsong Church in Sydney, Australia.

One week before her thirty-third birthday Caine discovered she had been adopted.

Her brother phoned her with the shocking news that he had received a letter from the Department of Community Services (DoCS)  notifying him that he had been adopted at birth.  Initially believing it was a mistake, Christine asked her brother to phone DoCS. DoCS confirmed the letter. Their mother also confirmed George’s adoption, and went on to tell Caine that she too had been adopted.   Because the system laws had been so different, Christine’s parents believed that she and her brother would never find out.  After her initial amusing response, "am I still Greek?!"  Caine responded well to the news, and quoted scriptures she had been meditating on from Psalm 139:13-16.

Caine maintains a strong sense of personal identity within her Christian faith, and remains close to her adopted mother and brothers. When Caine was 19, her father died due to cancer.

Today Caine lives in Baulkham Hills, Australia with her husband Nick. Together they have two children, Catherine and Sofia.

Caine attended Linwood Park Public School. and Blacktown Girls High School. She was the only person from her school year to progress to university, and graduated from Sydney University with a degree in English.Occasionally some people will attend university a number of years after finishng school, as mature age students. This may have happened or may happen.

Caine is a Pentecostal Christian, who believes in the resurrection of Jesus Christ and spirit baptism. She is also a member of Hillsong Church based in Sydney, Australia.

Because of her religious upbringing, Caine had believed that the only way a woman could serve God in ministry was to become a nun. It was only upon her first visit to Hillsong Church, when a female pastor, Donna Crouch, was preaching, that she experienced a different paradigm and saw a glimpse of what she felt called to do for God. As she continued to study the Bible, she began to discover that God believes in and loves women.

Caine began her career in ministry as a volunteer youth worker. Soon after that she established Hills District Youth Services, a community based youth program located in Baulkham Hills, NSW. She went on to become the NSW Director of the nationwide youth ministry, Youth Alive.

Currently, Caine's roles include pastor, speaker, author, evangelist, motivator, and leadership consultant. Together with her husband Nick, Caine began Equip & Empower Ministries in 2000. Today, they are the directors of Equip & Empower and oversee offices in Sydney and Los Angeles.

Caine is pro-life, believing that every life has potential and is worthwhile and challenging circumstances are able to be overcome. She also believes that there are options for children with physical or mental disabilities, and that abortion is not the answer.

Caine believes that individuals have the ability and power to change faulty mindsets. Based on the Bible, she believes one’s thinking can be transformed to think right thoughts. She believes God can transcend limitations based on circumstances, resource, socioeconomic backgrounds, tradition, education, and culture.

Caine believes that gender roles have been instituted by tradition and culture.

Caine is the founder and director of The A21 Campaign. The A21 Campaign seeks to "abolish injustice in 21st century." Its current mission focus is human trafficking in Europe. The A21 Campaign aims to educate, raise awareness, address legislation, fight corruption, and rehabilitate victims of human trafficking. Their European base is in Thessaloniki, Greece, with plans to expand and help people throughout Europe.

Caine also is the founder and director of Project Europe along with her husband Nick. Project Europe builds churches and leadership across Europe.