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The politicization of humanitarian aid and its effect on the principles of humanity, impartiality and neutrality
The politicization of humanitarian aid and its effect on the principles of humanity impartiality and neutrality Author:Thorsten Volberg MA-Thesis / Master, die am 01.11.2006 erfolgreich an einer Universität in Deutschland im Fachbereich Institut für Friedenssicherungsrecht und Humanitäres Völkerrecht, IFHV eingereicht wurde. Abstract: The past two decades have seen a significant increase in frequency and intensity of complex emergencies and natural disasters, leading to a rapi... more »d transformation in the policy and the institutional context of humanitarianism. Humanitarian assistance, which once covered a very narrow set of basic relief activities carried out by a small group of relatively independent actors, has expanded significantly to an ever-widening and much more complex range of rehabilitation work. This includes the definition of aid as being a starting-point for addressing poverty or being a tool for peace-building in internal conflicts. A growing diversity of "non-humanitarian" actors in the field, such as various profit agencies, governmental and non-governmental armed forces, also changed the picture of humanitarian aid and the perception of its character. This transformation has created a broad variety of standards for performance in the field, and led to increasing uncertainties on the quality of humanitarian responses and its accountability. Humanitarian catastrophes, like the Rwandan genocide, finally forced humanitarian agencies to think beyond traditional relief assistance based on the delivery of food, shelter or basic health care, and take a deeper reflection on how they actually perceive their own role and accountability in the humanitarian sphere. In 1997, the 'Sphere' project was launched to develop inter alia a so-called 'Humanitarian Charter', which tries to put relief aid on a legal basis provided by international law. It emphasizes humanitarian principles of humanity, neutrality and impartiality and expresses agencies' commitment to act in accordance with them. These principles provide an ethical framework, which defines and delineates the humanitarian space within ...« less