Personality In Politics Author:David Thomson PERSONALITY IN POLITICS DAVID THOMSON, PH. D. Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge THOMAS NELSON AND SONS LTD LONDON EDINBURGH PARIS MELBOURNE TORONTO AND NEW YORK CONTENTS I. SOME PROBLEMS STATED 7 II. HEROES AND HERO-WORSHIP .... 20 HI. How ENGLAND GOT A PARTY SYSTEM. . 36 IV. THE EXPRESSION OF PUBLIC OPINION . . 59 V. POPULAR DECISIONS 90 VI. PRI... more »NCIPLE AND INTEREST 113 VII. FOLLOW MY LEADER V 130 VIII. FOREIGN AFFAIRS . 151 IX. CONCLUSIONS AND PROSPECTS . . .170 FURTHER READING 184 INDEX 186 TO MARGARET VI PERSONALITY IN POLITICS CHAPTER I SOME PROBLEMS STATED Nor dont the ducks neither, replied the Rat cheerfully. They say, Why cant fellows be allowed to do what they like when they like and as they like, instead of other fellows sitting on banks and watching them all the time and making remarks and poetry and things about them What nonsense it all is Thats what the ducks say. l TN the year 1720 there raged in Britain a curious --epidemic of financial speculation and credulity, known as the South Sea Bubble Companies were floated for every conceivable purpose, none being too fantastic to receive support for the assurance of sea mens wages, for improving malt liquors, for planting of mulberry trees and breeding of silkworms in Chelsea Park, for fattening of hogs, and for importing a number of large jackasses from Spain, in order to propagate a larger breed of mules in England. All these were given extensive financial support by the 1 The quotations which head each chapter are all taken from the late Mr. Kenneth Grahames The Wind in the Willows by kind permission of Mrs. Kenneth Grahame and Messrs. Methuen Co., Ltd. I have no wish to inflict any political allegory on that charming fantasy but perhaps Mr. Badger is the hero of this book as of The Wind in the Willows. 7 PERSONALITY IN POLITICS amateur speculators of the time so perhaps there was little need to import krger jackasses from Spain. It may occur to the cynical observer that a selection of these schemes does not read very differently from some of the party programmes offered to the electorate by political parties in our democratic countries projects which evoke still, curiously enough, the same credulous support. But the gem of all the Bubble schemes was the for mation of a company and its shares too were bought for an undertaking which shall in due time be revealed And this, it might be suggested, is not very remote from the programme presented by many of the Fascist parties in Europe to-day. In short, however stupid political party programmes may seem to those who care to analyse them carefully, there are at least two kinds of them. There are those which may, indeed, strain the credulity of their supporters, yet which, at least, rely upon certain specious arguments and are an intelligent attempt to persuade die prospective client of their usefulness. If they do occasionally re semble the claims made for the cure-all snake-oil offered by travelling quacks at country fairs, they, at least, in volve a certain logical consistency of argument in their presentation. And there are those which do not involve even this, but which depend entirely upon the complete credulity of their victims. It is possible perhaps with an effort to feel a certain sympathy with those who appreciate how desirable these advertised purposes are, however much we may regret their failure to consider the means by which such purposes could be achieved. But it is possible to feel only abject pity for those who lack even the shrewdness to inquire what the purposes may be. 8 SOME PROBLEMS STATED We contend, say the Luthinian Peoples Front Republicans, that more pigs should be reared in Luthinia that a trade agreement should be reached with Ruritania and that a policy of immediate disarmament should be carried out...« less