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Search - New Deal Medicine: The Rural Health Programs of the Farm Security Administration

New Deal Medicine The Rural Health Programs of the Farm Security Administration
Author: Professor Michael R. Grey MD MPH

The New Deal's most significant involvement in health care delivery has had effects still felt today. The Farm Security Administration was one of several New Deal agencies whose collective purpose was to provide for Americans left indigent by the massive economic collapse of the 1930s. The agency helped low-income farmers, sharecroppers, and ... more »migrant workers to form farming cooperatives, created model resettlement communities, and provided tenant farmers and sharecroppers with their own land. During the course of its rehabilitation work, the FSA learned that as many as half of all loan defaults were due to ill health. In response, the agency began a medical care program that the Saturday Evening Post labeled "a gigantic rehearsal" for national health insurance. At its peak, the FSA programs provided some 650,000 people and more than a million migrant workers with needed medical care, and represented the New Deal's most significant involvement in health care delivery. Today, the government's role in health care financing is once more the subject of heated policy debate, and the history of the FSA warrants our close attention and reassessment. In New Deal Medicine, physician and historian Michael Grey uses oral histories, archival records, and medical journals to bring to light the diversity, reach, and complexity of the medical care programs of the Farm Security Administration. Grey's history examines the programs from start to finish and finds that they were both a rehearsal for more modern forms of medical organization and a lightning rod for contemporary critics of "socialized medicine." He assesses the compromises made to try to preserve the program's somewhat "secret objective" of providing the poor with health care while not running afoul of conservative politicians and their colleagues in the AMA. Acknowledging the effect of changing demographics (doctors, nurses, and farmers alike marched off to war) and economics, Grey contends that these factors do not fully explain the demise of the FSA experiment in health care. Rather, the political wind shifted at the same time that the medical profession acted to protect its authority over the practice of medicine. The Farm Security Administration programs were terminated in 1946, but unlike other accounts, which sing dirges for "the reform that failed," New Deal Medicine shows that, by the peculiar American style of "incrementalism," many of the FSA medical care structures and goals have been at least partially realized in the United States and in Canada. The lessons learned by the FSA personnel were transferred into health programs in Canada, in the labor unions, and finally in Lyndon Johnson's "Great Society."

ISBN-13: 9780801859397
ISBN-10: 0801859395
Publication Date: 1/21/1999
Pages: 264
Edition: 1
Rating:

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Publisher: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Book Type: Hardcover
Members Wishing: 1
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