Natasha Trethewey (born 1966) is an American poet, who won the 2007 Pulitzer Prize in poetry for her 2006 collection Native Guard.
Trethewey was born in Gulfport, Mississippi. She earned a B.A. in English from the University of Georgia, an M.A. in poetry from Hollins University and an M.F.A. in poetry from the University of Massachusetts-Amherst. She is Phillis Wheatley Distinguished Chair in Poetry at Emory University. In a 2007 New York Times interview, Trethewey states that her book Native Guard "represents the idea that I am a native guardian to the memory of my mother’s life." (Her mother was killed by Trethewey's stepfather.)