Men of Liberty Ten Unitarian Pioneers Author:S.H. Fritchman Men of Liberty TEN UNITARIAN PIONEERS By STEPHEN HOLE FRITCHMAN With Illustrations by HENDRIK WILLEM VAN LOON BOSTON The Beacon Press 1944 By STEPHEN H. FRITCHMAN People in the Liberal Church Copyright, 1944 THE AMERICAN UNITARIAN ASSOCIATION Second Printing July, 1944 3PJUNTEX m THE WETTED STATES OF Copyright in Canada U THE WORLD BELONGS TO TH... more »E LIVING Thom, as Jefferson CONTENTS PAGES INTRODUCTION vii CHAPTERS I. Michael Servetus 3 b. Villanueva, Spain 1511-1553 II. Faustus Socinus 17 b. Siena, Italy 1539-1604 IIL Francis David 31 b. Kolozsvar, Hungary 1510-1579 IV. John Biddle 47 b. Wbtton-under-Edge, Gloucestershire, England 1615-1662 V. Joseph Priestley 63 b. Leeds, England 1733-1804 VI. Thomas Jefferson 83 b. Shadwell, Virginia 1743-1826 VIL William Ellery Channing . . . . 105 b. Newport, Rhode Island 1780-1842 VIII Ralph Waldo Emerson ..... 127 b. Boston, Massachusetts 1803-1882 DC Theodore Parker 14 b. Lexington, Massachusetts 1810-1860 X. Magnus Eiriksson 163 b, Iceland 1806-1881 ILLUSTRATIONS PAGES The world belongs to the living . . Frontispiece Servetus meets his fate 2 Calvins law triumphed 11 The burning of the books 16 Francis David disappeared in a castle and died . 30 John Biddles workshop 46 The mob hangs Priestley in effigy .... 62 Priestley and Unitarianism sail for America , 75 Thomas Jefferson 82 Channing brought religion back whence it had come 104 Emersons New England 126 Unitarians risked life and limb 144 From the lonely fields of Iceland . . , . 162 INTRODUCTION IK the dim past of Norwegian religion we are told one phrase appears again and again For man is mans delight. The study of many books on Unitarian history during the past few years has convinced the writer of the profound truth of that simple sentence. One finds himself as excited over the courageous act of Hieronymus Bolsec, leaping to his feet in a church in Switzerland four centuries ago and protesting the sermon of John Calvin, as though it were a deed of heroism at Salerno in 1943. Whether in battle today or four hundred years ago, audacity for a great prin ciple stirs the blood and makes us walk more proudly, for man is mans delight This book is little more than some footnotes on Unitarian biography, footnotes printed in large type and set up higher on the page since few of us read footnotes, I am told. Personally I learned years ago that footnotes are often the most salty part of a book, and contain the authors choicest morsels. One or two things ought to be stated to guide those who may choose to read this book. We shall not attempt to say all that might be said about any of these great figures in our liberal tradition. The writer has , exercised a severe censorship against long arguments about religious doctrines, even though those arguments often were extremely important. This book is what our Catholic friends call hagiol ogy, a study of the saints. Only the most important ideas these men sponsored are mentioned. Otherwise this book would have been so heavy no one would ever INTRODUCTION have picked it up in a day of paper-covered pocket detective stories. Also it should be noted that the word Unitarian is used in a broad sense, not a strict one. Those men who stood for the essential unity of God, for religious freedom of mind and conscience, and stressed the leadership of Jesus as prophet and teacher, are in cluded in our Unitarian family. Frankly, this little book is intended to honor pioneers in religious freedom rather than to stake out claims to certain men as members of our church. There are Unitarian Mo hammedans, according to Dr. J. EstHn Carpenter, and there are many others of the Jewish and Buddhist faiths who feel a kinship with the Unitarian ideal. This is all on the asset side of the ledger...« less