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James Erwin Schevill (June 10, 1920 – January 30, 2009) was an American poet, critic, playwright and professor at San Francisco State University and Brown University, and the recipient of Guggenheim and Ford Foundation fellowships. He wrote more than 10 volumes of poetry, 30 plays, many essays, a novel, and biographies of Bern Porter and Sherwood Anderson. His plays include Lovecraft's Follies (1971) based on the life and work of Providence horror writer H.P. Lovecraft.

He was visiting Freiburg, Germany in 1938 when the Kristallnacht riots occurred, and the experience led him into writing and poetry. Other seminal experiences came from his own family background, travel, and during his Army service. He was influenced by his father, Rudolph Schevill, who created and chaired the department of romance languages at UC Berkeley, and created the West Coast committee in defense of the Spanish republic at the request of his friend Pablo Casals and Fernando de los Rios. His mother Margaret, was an artist, a scholar of Navaho culture and mythology, and a follower of Karl Jung. As a German speaker, he worked for military intelligence and was assigned to a prisoner of war camp where despite the denazification program, he, then only 24, witnessed, Nazis cominated other prisoners, as he described in his novel Cathedral of Ants (1976).

In a 1950 letter to Robert Sproul, the president of the University of California, he refused to sign a loyalty oath, at the time a prerequisite to becoming an instructor at the UC Berkeley. Instead he went on to teach at California College of Arts and Crafts, San Francisco State University, where he headed the Poetry Center, and at Brown University until his retirement. In 1981 he received a Guggenheim Fellowship in Drama and Performance Art. His contributions to the theater began with his strong involvement in the Actors Worshop in San Francisco, and his founding of Wastepaper Theater at Brown University as well as his collaborations with Trinity Reparatory Theater in Providence. He suffered a severe stroke in 1999 which confined him to a wheelchair. He died in Berkeley, California in January 2009.

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