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Heidegger, Medicine And 'Scientific Method': The Unheeded Message Of Tht Zollikon Seminars
Heidegger Medicine And 'Scientific Method' The Unheeded Message Of Tht Zollikon Seminars Author:Peter Wilberg "The essential realm in which biology moves can never be grounded in biology as a science." Martin Heidegger At a time when scientific thinkers are peddling the philosophical absurdity that it is not human beings but their 'brains' that think, this is a timely book indeed. For it was in the course of the Zollikon Seminars, held with a group ... more »of genuinely thinking physicians and psychiatrists, that Heidegger delivered his central message - that the human body was no mere bounded biological entity pre-programmed by its genes but a living embodiment of the human being. Heidegger's profound explorations of the relation between being and bodyhood undermined the very notion that the human being could be divided into a 'holistic' assemblage of separate entities labelled 'mind', 'body' and 'spirit' - or psyche and soma. Yet the deeper questions that Heidegger raised in the Zollikon Seminars are still consistently sidestepped in the fields of brain science and genetics, 'psycho-neuro-immunology' and 'psychosomatics'. Indeed all medical-scientific 'explanations' of illness have so far avoided the far more fundamental question of what illness itself essentially is - reducing it to a biological, behavioural or neurological 'disorder' and ignoring the intimate connection between individual health and the health of human social relations. Medard Boss tells us that it was Heidegger's hope that his thinking would "...escape the confines of the philosopher's study and become of benefit to wider circles, in particular to a large number of suffering human beings." Attempts to fulfil this hope have focused almost exclusively on bringing Heideggerian thinking to bear in the field of 'psychotherapy' and in the understanding of psychological disorders and 'mental' illness. The relevance of the Zollikon Seminars for our understanding of 'somatic' disorders and 'physical' illness - indeed the entire domain of medicine - have been largely neglected. This neglect has perpetuated in practice the very separation of psyche and soma which Heidegger questioned in principle. The aim of Heidegger, Medicine and 'Scientific Method' is to help make sure that the profound implications of the Zollikon Seminars for medical science and medical practice do not remain unheeded. In one short volume Peter Wilberg concisely summarises Heidegger's critique of 'scientific method' as this is applied in medicine, redefines the basic principles of the 'phenomenological method' and sets out the foundations of a new 'field-phenomenological' approach to medicine. Grounded in Heidegger's fundamental distinction between the physical body (Körper) and the 'lived' or 'felt' body (Leib), field-phenomenological medicine offers a new but highly practical understanding of the relation between a patient's disease 'pathology' and the felt dis-ease or pathos that it embodies. As an 'antidote' to the notoriety surrounding Heidegger's involvement with National Socialism, Peter Wilberg also emphasises that Heidegger's thinking was and remains the only thinking capable of challenging the scientific basis of racial eugenics and medical genetics - and with it the whole ideology of modern biological medicine and psychiatry. This is an ideology which Nazi physicians played a key role in spawning, one which denies any inner meaning to illness, and aims at nothing less than finding 'Final Solutions' to all forms of social and individual dis-ease.« less