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A handbook for travellers in central Italy; including Lucca, Tuscany, Florence, the Marches, Umbria, part of the patrimony of St. Peter, and the island of Sardinia
A handbook for travellers in central Italy including Lucca Tuscany Florence the Marches Umbria part of the patrimony of St Peter and the island of Sardinia Author:John Murray This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1861 Excerpt: ...Castellana, the Castles of Spoleto and of St. Angelo in Rome. The Papal Navy consists of a solitary gun-brig and sea-going steamboat, some... more » small craft, and two or three small steamers on the Tiber. 7. Education. The whole system of education is still very imperfect in the Roman States, where the instruction of the lower classes is less attended to than in any other country of Italy, except Naples. There are three classes of educational institutions--the Universities, the Bishops' Schools, and the Communal or Parish Schools. I. There are 6 Universities, divided into two classes, primary and secondary. The primary University is that of the Sapienza, at Rome, founded A.d. 1244. The five secondary ones are Perugia (1307-20), Macerate (1548), Fermo (1589), Camerino (1727), and the Gregoriana or Collegio Romano, in the capital, and entirely in the hands of the Jesuits. About 3000 young men receive au academical education at these universities. II. The Bishops' Schools, or ecclesiastical seminaries, are established in the chief town of each see for the education of persons destined for the Church. III. The Communal Schools answer in some measure to the parish schools of England, and exist in all the communes which are rich enough to support them. The masters are appointed by the communal councils, after an open competition before the chief municipal authority, but the state of primary education is generally very low, and almost entirely in the hands of ecclesiastics. In Rome it is said that at least three-fourths of the children of the poor are gratuitously educated. The elementary schools, instituted in the middle of the last century, still exist, and include three classes:--1. Those in which a small sum is paid; 2. The gratuitous schools; 3. The infant schools--...« less