England in 1685 Author:Thomas Babington Macaulay Macaulay Purchase of this book includes free trial access to www.million-books.com where you can read more than a million books for free. This is an OCR edition with typos. Excerpt from book: NOTES. This account, which is the third chapter of Macaulay's " History of England," is a general statement of the condition of the country, not only in the y... more »ear 1685, but during the reign of Charles II. It is of especial interest when contrasted with the present century on the one hand or with the time of Elizabeth on the other. A book like Huxley's " Advance of Science" gives a view of England in the middle of this century, while Froude's " English Seamen " shows much of the condition of the kingdom in the sixteenth. i. Charles II returned to England and took possession of the throne that had been his father's, in 1660. This is called the Restoration. He died in 1685, and was succeeded by his brother under the title of James II. a. The Plantagenets were Henry II, 1154-1189; Richard I, 1189-1199; John, 1199-1216; Henry III, 1216-1272; Edward I, 1272-1307; Edward II, 1307-1327; Edward III, 1327-1377; Richard II, 1377-1399. The Tudors were Henry VII, 1485-1509; Henry VIII, 1509-1547; Edward VI, 1547-1553; Mary (called Bloody), 1553-1559; Elizabeth, 1559-1603. The Stuarts were James I, 1603-1625; Charles I, 1625-1649; Charles II, 1660- 1685; James II, 1685-1701. The passage amounts to the statement that the wealth of England was greater in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries than from the twelfth to the fourteenth; greater in the seventeenth than in the sixteenth. 3. The Long Parliament assembled in 1640, and continued through the remaining years of Charles I, through the Commonwealth and Protectorate, being dissolved only in the year of the Restoration, 1660. 4. The Great Plague devastated London in 1665. A hundred thousand persons are said to have died of it in six months. In 1666 the Great Fire burned September 2-6, destroying eighty-nine churches, including St. Pau...« less