Psychological Methods Of Healing Author:William Brown PSYCHOLOGICAL METHODS OF HEALING PSYCHOLOGICAL METHODS OF HEALING AN INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOTHERAPY By WILLIAM BROWN D. M. Oxon., D. Sc. L6nd., F. R. C. P. Wilde Reader in Mental Philosophy and Director of the Institute of Experimental Psychology in the University of Oxford Hon Consulting Psychologist, Bethlem Royal Hospital. Formerly Neurologist... more » to the Fourth Army, British Expeditionary Force, France and Medical Officer m charge of Craiglocfchart War Hospital for Neurasthenic Officers Edinburgh UNIVERSITY OF LONDON PRESS LTD. 10 ii WARWICK LANE, LONDON, E. C. 4 938 PREFACE THE aim of this volume is to present the chief prin ciples and guiding lines of thought in modern medical psychology, and to give an accurate statement of my own views on the subject. In its main plan, the book is a general introduction to the study of psychotherapy, including brief descriptions of the leading schools of thought and practice in the subject, but I make no apology for drawing upon my own first-hand experience throughout, based upon twenty-five years work as a practising psychotherapist. Nor do I apologize for the relatively large space with some unavoidable repetition devoted to the consideration of hypnosis, suggestibility, and progressive relaxation. Clinical work on these problems admits of the scientific process of verification in the laboratory, and such work appears to have been unduly neglected in recent years, and judgment on its claims to psychotherapeutic success has often gone by default. Moreover, psychological healing has application to the group and the nation, as well as to the individual, and is therefore of social and political importance. Hence problems of international relations come also within its ambit. Although modern psychotherapy is still a very con troversial subject, my aim has been to avoid merely negative criticism, to harmonize apparently conflicting views where possible, to encourage a spirit of conciliation and co-operation among differing schools of thought, and to show in a general way how much common ground for agreement there is. vi PREFACE In the case of certain material, especially that on my War cases, which is not now available, I have made a thorough revision and incorporated it, in up-to-date form, in the text. A carefully-selected bibliography of one hundred books is appended, as a theoretical background of further reading and as a context within which this book on the elements of psychopathology and psychotherapy may take its place. My thanks are due to the editors and publishers of the British Journal of Psychology General Section and Character and Personality, and to the editorial board of Mental Hygiene, for permission to republish in this book articles that have recently appeared in their journals. I also wish to thank Dr. Wm. Stephenson, who made the index. WILLIAM BROWN. Harley Street, W. I. October loth, 1938. CONTENTS CHAPTER FAGE PREFACE ...... V I. FUNCTIONAL NERVE DISEASE ... I II. SUGGESTION AND THE SUBCONSCIOUS . . 15 III. MENTAL ANALYSIS ..... 23 IV. THE LIBIDO THEORY OF FREUD ... 36 V. SCHOOLS OF PSYCHOTHERAPY ... 47 VI. HYSTERIA AS A DISSOCIATION 59 VII. NEURASTHENIA AND COMPULSION NEUROSIS . 73 VIII. HYPNOSIS AND SUGGESTION . . 8 1 IX. SUGGESTION WITHOUT HYPNOSIS . . 88 X. SUGGESTION, AUTO-SUGGESTION, AND MENTAL ANALYSIS ...... 95 XI. HYPNOSIS, SUGGESTIBILITY, AND PROGRESSIVE RELAXATION . . . . I 07 XII. PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS IN THE DEVELOP MENT OF CHARACTER . . . 13 XIII. THE PROBLEM OF THE ADOLESCENT . . 149 XIV, PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF THE MATURE PERSONALITY . . . . .158 XV. THE CEDIPUS COMPLEX, TRANSFERENCE, AND SUBLIMATION . . . . X 77 XVI. THE PSYCHOLOGICAL BASIS OF ETHICS, NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL . . 187 XVII. CONCLUSION THE PRACTICE OF PSYCHO THERAPY ...... 2O5 BIBLIOGRAPHY 211 NAME INDEX ..... 2l8 SUBJECT INDEX ..... 22O vii CHAPTER I FUNCTIONAL NERVE DISEASE...« less